"Eight successively" electrical equipment fault maintenance

Ask before you start. Be familiar with the principle and structure.

First the outside and then the inside steps go, the outside to remove the machine repair.

Check the mechanical first and then the electrical, use the instrument to remember carefully.

Look at the static state first, then look at the dynamic state, check carefully before energizing.

Clean dirt first, then repair, dirty dust electricity.

Check the power supply first and then the equipment.

First check the public, then dedicated, no energy information sent.

After the first repair difficult disease, accumulate experience skill.

The general diagnostic sequence of electrical faults of complex equipment is as follows: symptom analysis -- equipment inspection -- determination of fault part -- line inspection -- replacement or repair -- performance inspection after repair.

1. Symptom analysis.Symptom analysis is the process of gathering and judging all possible information about the original state of the fault, and all information should be carefully analyzed before the signs of the fault are disturbed.

2. Equipment inspection.Based on the preliminary findings and questions from the symptom analysis, a more detailed examination of the equipment is carried out, especially those areas considered to be most likely to be malfunctioning.It should be noted that unnecessary disassembly of the equipment should be avoided at this stage and more faults should be prevented.

3. Determination of fault location.Maintenance personnel must fully grasp the control principle and structure of the system.In the absence of systematic diagnostic data, maintenance personnel need to correctly divide the entire equipment or control system into several functional blocks, and then check whether the input and output of these functional blocks are normal.

4. Line inspection, replacement and repair.These two steps are closely related, and line inspection can be conducted in a similar way to fault location determination, first identifying faulty components or components that need to be replaced, and then effectively repairing them.

5. Performance inspection after repair. After repair, the maintenance personnel should conduct further inspection to confirm that the fault has indeed been eliminated and the equipment can operate well.

Failure occurs when the equipment of electrical system, don't jump to remove, the first thing to understand the causes of the electrical equipment failure, after, scope, phenomenon, familiar with the basic working principle of equipment and electrical system, each specific circuit analysis, to understand what is the connection between various circuit and signal circuit in the context, careful analysis.I combined with practical experience, after careful thinking, summed up the quick, effective maintenance skills "eight successively" formula.

1. "Ask first, then start, familiar with the principle and structure" -- For faulty electrical equipment, do not rush to start, should first ask before and after the failure and the failure phenomenon.For unfamiliar equipment, should also be familiar with the circuit principle and structure characteristics, abide by the corresponding rules.Before disassembly, one should be fully familiar with the function, position, connection mode of each electrical component and its relationship with other components around. In the absence of assembly diagram, one should draw sketches while disassembling and mark them.

2. "Go outside first, then go inside, and remove and repair the machine externally" -- check whether the equipment has obvious cracks and defects, understand its maintenance history and service life, etc., before inspecting the machine internally.Before dismantling, the peripheral fault factors should be lined up, and the machine can only be dismantled after the fault is determined. Otherwise, blind dismantling may make the equipment worse and worse.

3. "Check the machinery first, then the electrical, and keep a careful record of the instrument" -- only after the mechanical parts are fault-free, do the electrical inspection.Check circuit fault, should use the detection instrument to find the fault location, confirm no contact fault, then targeted to check the line and the operation of the mechanical relationship, so as to avoid misjudgment.

4. "Look at the static state first, then look at the action, and check carefully before power on" -- first, check the electrical equipment without power on.And then in the case of power, the electrical equipment for maintenance.Many of the failure of the electrical equipment maintenance, can not immediately energize, otherwise it will artificially expand the scope of failure, burn more components, causing undue losses.Therefore, before the fault machine is powered on, the resistance measurement should be carried out first, and necessary measures should be taken before the maintenance can be powered on.

5. "Clean dirt before maintenance, no electricity for dirty dust" -- For heavily polluted electrical equipment, first clean its buttons, wiring points and contact points, and check whether the external control keys are out of order.Many faults are caused by dirt and conductive dust and are often removed once cleaned.

6. "After checking the power supply first, the equipment will get more trouble than before" -- the failure rate of the power supply takes up a high proportion in the whole fault equipment, so the maintenance of the power supply first can often get twice the result with half the effort and quickly find the fault point.

7. "Check the public first, then the special, energy information is not sent" -- if the public circuit of any electrical system fails, its energy and information cannot be transmitted and distributed to the specific special circuit, and the function and performance of the special circuit are not effective.If the power supply of an electrical equipment fails, the whole system cannot operate normally, and it is impossible to realize the energy and information transferred to various special circuits.Therefore, following the sequence of first public circuit, then private circuit, can quickly and accurately remove the fault of electrical equipment.

8. "Fix common problems before they become difficult, accumulate experience and become skillful" -- Electrical equipment often prone to the same type of failure is "common problems".Because common disease is more common, accumulated experience is richer, can eliminate quickly accordingly.Can concentrate energy and time so eliminate more rare, difficulty tall, odd difficult miscellaneous disease, simplify step, narrow limits, raise overhaul speed.

Summarize experience and improve efficiency.Electrical equipment has a wide range of faults.After the maintenance of any faulty electrical equipment, it is necessary to record the failure phenomenon, reason, maintenance process, skills and experience on the special notebook, learn to master the theoretical knowledge of various new electrical equipment, get familiar with its working principle, accumulate maintenance experience, and upgrade my own experience into theory.Under the guidance of theory, specific fault specific analysis, can be accurate and rapid troubleshooting.Only in this way can I develop myself into an expert in troubleshooting electrical faults.

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